vertebral dissection
Separation of the layers within the vertebral artery wall, creating a false lumen that can compromise blood flow or cause thromboembolism.
Full Definition
Vertebral artery dissection occurs when there is a tear in the arterial wall layers, allowing blood to enter between the intimal and medial layers and create a false lumen. This condition can result from trauma, underlying arteriopathy, or spontaneous causes, particularly in young adults. The dissection can lead to arterial narrowing, occlusion, or thromboembolism, potentially causing posterior circulation strokes. Imaging findings include arterial narrowing, wall hematoma, and the characteristic 'string-of-beads' appearance on angiography. Early recognition is crucial as it may require anticoagulation or endovascular intervention.
Usage
Usage note: Specify location (intracranial vs extracranial) when possible.
In Context
- "MR angiography demonstrated a long-segment vertebral dissection with associated wall hematoma." — Diagnostic report
- "The patient's posterior circulation stroke was attributed to thromboembolism from vertebral dissection." — Clinical correlation