cranioplasty
Pronunciation: KRAY-nee-oh-plas-tee
Surgical reconstruction of skull defects using autologous bone, synthetic materials, or allografts.
Full Definition
A neurosurgical procedure designed to repair cranial defects resulting from trauma, infection, tumor resection, or previous decompressive craniectomy. The reconstruction may utilize the patient's own preserved bone flap (autologous), synthetic materials such as titanium mesh or PEEK implants, or processed donor bone (allograft). The procedure serves both cosmetic and protective functions, restoring skull integrity and protecting underlying brain tissue while potentially improving neurological function.
Usage
Usage note: Distinct from craniotomy (temporary bone removal with replacement) and craniectomy (permanent bone removal).
In Context
- "The patient underwent cranioplasty six months after decompressive craniectomy using a custom titanium implant." — operative report
- "Infection rates following cranioplasty vary depending on the type of reconstruction material used." — research documentation