subgaleal hematoma
Blood collection beneath the scalp's galea aponeurotica layer, often occurring after birth trauma or head injury.
Full Definition
A subgaleal hematoma is an accumulation of blood in the potential space between the galea aponeurotica and the periosteum of the skull. This condition most commonly occurs in newborns following difficult deliveries, particularly those involving vacuum extraction or forceps use. The hematoma can expand significantly because the subgaleal space extends from the orbital ridges to the nuchal ridge posteriorly. Unlike cephalohematomas, subgaleal hematomas cross suture lines and can cause severe anemia due to significant blood loss. Treatment may require blood transfusion and careful monitoring for complications.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from cephalohematoma, which is confined by suture lines and typically less serious.
In Context
- "The neonate developed a large subgaleal hematoma following vacuum-assisted delivery, requiring close hemodynamic monitoring." — Neonatal intensive care unit note