craniectomy
Pronunciation: /kreɪniˈektəmi/
Surgical removal of part of the skull bone to relieve intracranial pressure, often performed as life-saving intervention.
Full Definition
Craniectomy is a neurosurgical procedure involving removal of a portion of the skull (bone flap) to create space for brain swelling and reduce intracranial pressure. Unlike craniotomy, the bone is not immediately replaced. Decompressive craniectomy is performed for various conditions including traumatic brain injury, large vessel stroke, and other causes of cerebral edema. The procedure can be life-saving but carries significant risks including infection and the need for subsequent cranioplasty. Post-operative care requires meticulous monitoring for complications and protection of the exposed brain tissue.
Usage
Usage note: Specify decompressive vs other types; distinguish from craniotomy where bone is replaced.
In Context
- "Bilateral decompressive craniectomy was performed for refractory intracranial hypertension." — Operative report
- "Patient requires helmet protection following recent craniectomy procedure." — Discharge planning