Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Also written as: NIRS — Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Non-invasive optical technique for monitoring regional cerebral oxygen saturation using near-infrared light.
Full Definition
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive monitoring technique that uses near-infrared light to measure regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) in the frontal cortex. NIRS sensors placed on the forehead detect changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentrations, providing real-time information about cerebral oxygenation. Normal rSO2 values range from 60-80%, with decreases below 50% or reductions greater than 20% from baseline considered clinically significant. This technology is particularly valuable during cardiac surgery, neurosurgical procedures, and in neurocritical care for continuous cerebral oxygenation monitoring.
Usage
Usage note: Specify whether bilateral or unilateral monitoring when documenting.
In Context
- "Near-infrared spectroscopy revealed a significant drop in regional cerebral oxygen saturation to 45% during the hypotensive episode." — Intraoperative monitoring report