contingent negative variation
A slow negative ERP component occurring between warning and target stimuli in cognitive tasks, reflecting expectancy and motor preparation.
Full Definition
Contingent negative variation (CNV) is an event-related potential characterized by a slow, negative-going voltage shift that develops between a warning stimulus and an imperative stimulus in behavioral paradigms. The CNV typically begins 300-400 milliseconds after the warning stimulus and continues until the target stimulus appears. This component reflects cognitive processes including attention, expectancy, motor preparation, and stimulus-response mapping. CNV amplitude and topography provide insights into frontal lobe function, attention disorders, and movement preparation abnormalities. The CNV is particularly sensitive to motivational factors and cognitive load.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as CNV in subsequent references within the same document.
In Context
- "The contingent negative variation showed reduced amplitude in patients with attention deficit disorder." — Cognitive ERP study
- "Frontal electrode sites demonstrated the most prominent contingent negative variation during the attention task." — Research methodology paper