spike-and-wave
A characteristic EEG pattern consisting of sharp spikes followed by slow waves, typically associated with seizure activity.
Full Definition
Spike-and-wave patterns are distinctive electroencephalographic waveforms that consist of sharp, high-amplitude spikes followed by slower wave components. These patterns are pathognomonic for certain types of epilepsy and seizure disorders. The classic 3-Hz spike-and-wave pattern is characteristic of absence seizures, while other frequencies may indicate different seizure types. The morphology, frequency, and distribution of spike-and-wave complexes provide crucial diagnostic information for neurologists and help guide treatment decisions in epilepsy management.
Usage
Usage note: Always hyphenated when used as a compound modifier.
In Context
- "The EEG demonstrated generalized 3-Hz spike-and-wave discharges lasting 8 seconds." — Epilepsy monitoring report
- "Atypical spike-and-wave patterns were noted in the frontal regions during hyperventilation." — EEG interpretation