catecholamine
Pronunciation: cat-eh-COAL-ah-meen
Class of hormones including epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine derived from tyrosine.
Full Definition
Catecholamines are a group of biogenic amines that function as both neurotransmitters and hormones, including epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and dopamine. These compounds are synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine through a series of enzymatic reactions and are released by sympathetic nerve terminals, the adrenal medulla, and certain brain regions. Catecholamines play crucial roles in the stress response, blood pressure regulation, heart rate control, and metabolic processes. Measurement of catecholamines and their metabolites is important in diagnosing neuroendocrine tumors such as pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas.
Usage
Usage note: Note spelling - not 'catecholamine'; often used in plural form when referring to the group.
In Context
- "Urinary catecholamine levels were markedly elevated, suggesting a pheochromocytoma." — Laboratory report
- "The tumor was confirmed to be catecholamine-secreting based on biochemical testing." — Diagnostic summary