neuromedin U
Also written as: NMU — neuromedin U
A neuropeptide that suppresses feeding and increases energy expenditure, involved in metabolic regulation.
Full Definition
Neuromedin U (NMU) is a highly conserved neuropeptide originally isolated from porcine spinal cord, with potent effects on smooth muscle contraction and metabolic regulation. The peptide exists in multiple forms, with NMU-25 and NMU-8 being the most biologically active. NMU acts through two G-protein-coupled receptors (NMUR1 and NMUR2) distributed in peripheral tissues and the central nervous system, respectively. Central administration of NMU reduces food intake, increases energy expenditure, and elevates core body temperature through activation of the sympathetic nervous system. Peripheral NMU regulates gastrointestinal motility and may influence circadian rhythms, making it an important component of the complex neural networks controlling energy homeostasis.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from other neuromedin peptides (neuromedin B, neuromedin N) which have different functions and receptors.
In Context
- "Hypothalamic neuromedin U expression was significantly reduced in diet-induced obese mice." — Metabolic research study
- "The patient's elevated plasma neuromedin U levels correlated with reduced appetite and weight loss." — Clinical endocrinology case study