CNS-IRIS
Also written as: CNS-IRIS — central nervous system immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
Central nervous system immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome occurring in immunocompromised patients.
Full Definition
Central nervous system immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (CNS-IRIS) is a paradoxical worsening of neurological symptoms that occurs when immune function is restored in immunocompromised patients. Most commonly seen in HIV patients starting antiretroviral therapy, CNS-IRIS results from an exuberant inflammatory response to previously subclinical CNS infections or inflammatory conditions. Patients may develop new or worsening neurological symptoms despite pathogen clearance or immune recovery. The condition requires careful distinction from treatment failure, drug resistance, or new opportunistic infections.
Usage
Usage note: Most common in HIV patients; requires immunological context for diagnosis.
In Context
- "The patient developed CNS-IRIS three months after starting highly active antiretroviral therapy." — Case report
- "Corticosteroids were used to manage severe CNS-IRIS symptoms." — Treatment protocol