natalizumab
Pronunciation: na-tal-IZ-oo-mab
Monoclonal antibody therapy that prevents immune cell migration across the blood-brain barrier, used in multiple sclerosis treatment.
Full Definition
Natalizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to α4-integrin on the surface of immune cells, preventing their adhesion to vascular endothelium and subsequent migration across the blood-brain barrier into the central nervous system. Originally developed for multiple sclerosis and Crohn's disease, natalizumab significantly reduces relapse rates and disability progression in MS patients. However, its use requires careful monitoring due to the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a potentially fatal opportunistic brain infection caused by JC virus reactivation. The drug is administered as monthly intravenous infusions and requires enrollment in a risk management program.
Usage
Usage note: Brand name Tysabri is often used interchangeably in clinical practice.
In Context
- "The patient was started on natalizumab after showing inadequate response to first-line disease-modifying therapies." — Treatment plan
- "Regular JC virus testing is mandatory for patients receiving natalizumab to monitor PML risk." — Safety protocol