Cryoneurolysis
Pronunciation: cry-oh-new-ROL-ih-sis
A neuromodulation technique using extreme cold to temporarily block nerve conduction by creating controlled ice crystal formation within nerve fibers.
Full Definition
Cryoneurolysis, also known as cryoablation or cryotherapy, involves the application of extreme cold (typically -60°C to -80°C) to neural tissue through specialized probes. The freezing process disrupts nerve conduction by forming intracellular ice crystals that damage cell membranes and disrupt axoplasmic flow. Unlike radiofrequency ablation, cryoneurolysis preserves the nerve sheath (endoneurium and perineurium), allowing for potential nerve regeneration over 3-6 months. This technique is commonly used for intercostal neuralgia, chronic post-surgical pain, and certain facial pain conditions where temporary but prolonged neural blockade is desired.
Usage
Usage note: Often confused with cryoanalgesia; specify the permanent vs temporary nature.
In Context
- "Cryoneurolysis of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve was performed for refractory meralgia paresthetica." — Surgical report
- "The cryoprobe was advanced under ultrasound guidance to achieve optimal nerve contact." — Procedure note