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central chromatolysis
Neuronal response to axonal injury characterized by dissolution of Nissl substance and nuclear displacement.
Full Definition
Central chromatolysis represents the cellular response of neurons to axonal damage, involving the breakdown of rough endoplasmic reticulum (Nissl substance) and displacement of the nucleus to an eccentric position. This process reflects the neuron's attempt to regenerate its damaged axon by increasing protein synthesis. The term 'central' distinguishes it from peripheral chromatolysis patterns. Recognition of this change is crucial for identifying neuronal injury in pathological specimens.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from general 'chromatolysis' which may refer to other dissolution patterns.
In Context
- "Central chromatolysis was evident in motor neurons following spinal cord trauma." — Autopsy report
- "The presence of central chromatolysis indicates active axonal regeneration attempts." — Diagnostic interpretation
Also known as
axonal reaction
retrograde degeneration
Don't confuse with
chromatolysis
neuronal swelling