hemispherectomy
Pronunciation: hem-i-SFEER-ek-tuh-mee
Surgical removal of one cerebral hemisphere, typically performed for intractable epilepsy or extensive hemispheric tumors.
Full Definition
Hemispherectomy involves the surgical removal or disconnection of one cerebral hemisphere. In neurosurgical oncology, this radical procedure may be considered for extensive unilateral brain tumors, particularly in pediatric patients where the contralateral hemisphere can compensate for lost function. The procedure can be anatomical (complete removal) or functional (disconnection while leaving tissue in place). Post-operative outcomes depend heavily on patient age and pre-existing neurological function.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from hemicraniotomy, which refers only to skull opening, not brain tissue removal.
In Context
- "Given the extensive nature of the tumor involving the entire left hemisphere, hemispherectomy was considered as a treatment option." — Multidisciplinary team meeting notes
- "Functional hemispherectomy preserved cortical tissue while achieving complete disconnection of the affected hemisphere." — Surgical technique description