oligodendroglioma
Pronunciation: oh-li-goh-den-droh-glee-OH-mah
A primary brain tumor arising from oligodendrocytes, characterized by distinctive histological features and genetic markers.
Full Definition
Oligodendroglioma is a primary central nervous system neoplasm derived from oligodendrocytes, the cells responsible for myelin production in the brain. These tumors are classified as WHO grades II or III and are characterized by their 'fried egg' cellular appearance on histology and calcifications visible on imaging. A defining molecular feature is the co-deletion of chromosomes 1p and 19q, which confers better prognosis and chemosensitivity. Oligodendrogliomas typically occur in the frontal and temporal lobes of adults and have a more favorable outcome compared to astrocytic tumors of similar grade.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify WHO grade when mentioned in clinical documentation.
In Context
- "Molecular analysis confirmed 1p/19q co-deletion consistent with oligodendroglioma diagnosis." — pathology report
- "The patient's oligodendroglioma showed excellent response to PCV chemotherapy." — oncology follow-up note