electrophoresis
Pronunciation: ih-lek-tro-fuh-REE-sis
Laboratory technique that separates proteins or nucleic acids based on their electrical charge and size.
Full Definition
Electrophoresis is an analytical technique used in newborn screening laboratories to separate and identify different forms of proteins, particularly hemoglobin variants in screening for sickle cell disease and other hemoglobinopathies. The method applies an electric field to move charged molecules through a gel or capillary medium, with different proteins migrating at different rates based on their charge, size, and shape. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis are common variants used in newborn screening programs for their high resolution and automation capabilities.
Usage
Usage note: Specify the type of electrophoresis (e.g., 'hemoglobin electrophoresis') when discussing specific screening applications.
In Context
- "Hemoglobin electrophoresis revealed an abnormal variant requiring follow-up testing." — Laboratory analysis report
- "The laboratory upgraded to capillary electrophoresis for improved hemoglobinopathy screening." — Equipment procurement document