meconium aspiration syndrome
Pronunciation: meh-KOH-nee-um
Neonatal respiratory distress caused by inhalation of meconium-stained amniotic fluid before, during, or after birth.
Full Definition
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is a serious neonatal complication that occurs when a baby inhales meconium-stained amniotic fluid into the lungs. Meconium passage in utero may indicate fetal distress, and if aspirated, can cause mechanical obstruction of airways, chemical pneumonitis, and surfactant dysfunction. This leads to respiratory distress with symptoms including tachypnea, cyanosis, and abnormal chest X-ray findings. MAS occurs in approximately 5-10% of babies born through meconium-stained liquor and can result in persistent pulmonary hypertension, pneumothorax, and in severe cases, long-term respiratory complications.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as MAS in neonatal documentation; ensure correct spelling of 'meconium' not 'meconeum'.
In Context
- "Thick meconium at delivery prompted immediate neonatal assessment for meconium aspiration syndrome." — Neonatal intensive care admission note
- "The infant developed meconium aspiration syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation support." — Pediatric consultation report