leukocoria
Pronunciation: loo-ko-KOR-ee-ah
A white or yellowish pupillary reflex that may indicate serious intraocular pathology, particularly retinoblastoma in children.
Full Definition
Leukocoria, literally meaning 'white pupil,' refers to an abnormal white, yellow, or pale pupillary reflex observed when light is directed into the eye. In pediatric patients, leukocoria is often the presenting sign of retinoblastoma, though it can also result from other conditions such as Coats disease, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, or congenital cataracts. The condition may be noticed by parents in photographs where the typical red reflex appears white or absent, or during routine pediatric examinations. Immediate ophthalmologic evaluation is essential when leukocoria is detected, as early diagnosis significantly impacts treatment outcomes and visual prognosis in malignant cases.
Usage
Usage note: May be qualified as 'partial leukocoria' when white reflex occupies only portion of pupil.
In Context
- "Parents noticed leukocoria in family photographs, prompting immediate referral." — Pediatric ophthalmology referral letter
- "Bilateral leukocoria raised suspicion for hereditary retinoblastoma." — Emergency department note