Macular hole
Full-thickness defect in the neurosensory retina at the fovea, causing central vision loss.
Full Definition
A macular hole is a full-thickness defect in the neurosensory retina centered at the fovea, the area of highest visual acuity. These holes typically develop due to vitreoretinal traction forces that cause progressive tissue separation and loss. Macular holes are classified into stages based on size and anatomical characteristics, with early holes potentially closing spontaneously while advanced holes require surgical intervention. Treatment involves vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and gas tamponade to promote hole closure and restore central vision.
Usage
Usage note: Specify 'full-thickness' when distinguishing from lamellar holes. Stage classification often included.
In Context
- "OCT confirmed a stage 3 macular hole with surrounding cystic changes." — Diagnostic imaging report
- "The macular hole showed excellent closure rates following vitrectomy with gas tamponade." — Surgical outcome note