carcinomatosis
Pronunciation: kar-sin-oh-mah-TOH-sis
Widespread dissemination of cancer cells throughout a body cavity or organ system, typically peritoneal or pleural spaces.
Full Definition
Carcinomatosis refers to the extensive spread of malignant cells throughout a body cavity, most commonly the peritoneal cavity (peritoneal carcinomatosis) or pleural space (pleural carcinomatosis). This condition represents advanced-stage cancer where tumor cells have seeded across serosal surfaces, forming multiple nodules or implants. Carcinomatosis significantly impacts surgical planning and prognosis, often requiring specialized treatment approaches such as heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The extent and distribution of carcinomatosis is typically assessed using imaging studies and intraoperative findings, with various scoring systems used to quantify disease burden.
Usage
Usage note: Often qualified by location (peritoneal, pleural, pericardial carcinomatosis).
In Context
- "Extensive peritoneal carcinomatosis precluded curative surgical resection." — Surgical consultation
- "The patient developed pleural carcinomatosis six months after primary tumor resection." — Oncology follow-up note