sarcopenia
Pronunciation: sar-koh-PEE-nee-ah
Progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that impacts surgical outcomes and treatment tolerance in cancer patients.
Full Definition
Sarcopenia is a condition characterized by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and physical performance, commonly observed in cancer patients undergoing major oncologic surgery. This condition is increasingly recognized as an important prognostic factor that influences surgical morbidity, mortality, and recovery time. Sarcopenia can be assessed through various methods including CT scan analysis of muscle mass, grip strength testing, and functional performance measures. Cancer-related sarcopenia may result from the disease itself, chemotherapy effects, malnutrition, or inflammatory responses. Preoperative identification and management of sarcopenia through nutritional support and exercise interventions can improve surgical outcomes and quality of life.
Usage
Usage note: Distinct from general weight loss; refers specifically to muscle mass and function.
In Context
- "Preoperative CT revealed significant sarcopenia that increased the patient's surgical risk." — Preoperative assessment
- "The nutrition team developed a prehabilitation program to address sarcopenia before surgery." — Multidisciplinary care plan