Cemento-osseous Dysplasia
Also written as: COD — Cemento-osseous Dysplasia
A group of benign fibro-osseous lesions of the tooth-bearing jaws in which periapical bone is replaced by fibrous tissue and cementum-like or woven bone mineralisation, characterised by their association with vital teeth.
Full Definition
Cemento-osseous Dysplasia (COD) encompasses a spectrum of reactive fibro-osseous conditions—periapical, focal, and florid subtypes—arising in the periapical region of vital teeth, particularly in middle-aged Black women. Unlike periapical granuloma or radicular cyst, COD is not related to pulpal pathology, and the associated teeth test vital on pulp testing, a diagnostically critical distinction editors must ensure is accurately reflected. Histologically the lesion passes through three stages: osteolytic (radiolucent), mixed, and mature (radiopaque). The preferred collective term in the current WHO classification is cemento-osseous dysplasia, replacing older terms such as cementoma.
Usage
Usage note: The term 'cementoma' is obsolete; editors should replace it with the appropriate COD subtype. Always verify whether the author means periapical, focal, or florid COD, as these have different clinical implications.
In Context
- "The report specified florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) affecting all four quadrants of the dentition with vital tooth responses confirmed." — Oral Pathology Report
- "The editor queried the author's use of 'cementoma,' recommending replacement with 'periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia' per current WHO terminology." — Editorial Query Sheet