Central Giant Cell Granuloma
Also written as: CGCG — Central Giant Cell Granuloma
A benign but sometimes locally aggressive intraosseous lesion of the jaws composed of multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells scattered within a vascular fibrous stroma.
Full Definition
Central Giant Cell Granuloma (CGCG) is a reactive or neoplastic jaw lesion of disputed aetiology characterised histologically by multinucleated osteoclast-type giant cells distributed in a background of ovoid to spindle-shaped stromal cells and extravasated red blood cells. It occurs almost exclusively in the maxilla and mandible, predominantly in patients under 30 years. Clinically it ranges from non-aggressive (slow-growing, cortical expansion) to aggressive (rapid growth, cortical perforation, tooth displacement, and high recurrence). Because its histology overlaps with giant cell tumour of bone, brown tumour of hyperparathyroidism, and aneurysmal bone cyst, accurate clinical and biochemical data are essential for definitive diagnosis. Editors must ensure hyperparathyroidism is excluded in the clinical context before accepting 'CGCG' as the final diagnosis.
Usage
Usage note: The older synonym 'giant cell reparative granuloma' is deprecated; replace with CGCG if encountered. Always confirm hyperparathyroidism has been clinically excluded when editing diagnostic statements.
In Context
- "Serum calcium and PTH levels were normal, supporting a diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) rather than brown tumour." — Oral Pathology Report
- "The editor replaced 'giant cell reparative granuloma' with 'central giant cell granuloma' throughout the manuscript." — Textbook Chapter