hemifacial microsomia
Congenital condition characterized by underdevelopment of one side of the face.
Full Definition
Hemifacial microsomia is a congenital craniofacial anomaly characterized by unilateral underdevelopment of structures derived from the first and second branchial arches. The condition affects the ear, mandible, maxilla, zygomatic bone, and soft tissues on one side of the face, resulting in facial asymmetry. Severity varies widely, from mild asymmetry to severe deformities including absent ear canal and severely hypoplastic mandible. Treatment is multidisciplinary and may include bone grafting, distraction osteogenesis, orthognathic surgery, and soft tissue augmentation. The condition is part of the oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum and may be associated with vertebral anomalies.
Usage
Usage note: Use standardized grading systems (Pruzansky-Kaban classification) when documenting severity.
In Context
- "The patient presented with Grade III hemifacial microsomia requiring staged surgical reconstruction." — Initial consultation note
- "Mandibular distraction osteogenesis was planned as the first stage of hemifacial microsomia reconstruction." — Treatment planning document