IAN
Also written as: IAN — Inferior Alveolar Nerve
Major branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve providing sensation to the lower teeth and lip.
Full Definition
The Inferior Alveolar Nerve is a critical anatomical structure that enters the mandibular foramen and travels through the mandibular canal, providing sensory innervation to the mandibular teeth, alveolar process, and mental region via the mental nerve. IAN injury is a significant risk in oral surgery procedures including third molar extraction, mandibular implant placement, and orthognathic surgery. Damage can result in temporary or permanent numbness, tingling, or altered sensation in the distribution of the nerve.
Usage
Usage note: Spell out on first use; abbreviation acceptable in clinical notes and operative reports.
In Context
- "Preoperative CBCT showed the impacted third molar in close proximity to the IAN." — Treatment planning note
- "The patient was counseled regarding the risk of IAN injury during the proposed surgical procedure." — Informed consent documentation