Gingival Display
Pronunciation: JIN-jih-vul dih-SPLAY
The amount of gum tissue visible above the upper anterior teeth during smiling, used as an aesthetic assessment parameter; excessive display is referred to as a 'gummy smile.'
Full Definition
Gingival display is the vertical extent of maxillary gingival tissue revealed during a full smile, measured in millimetres from the gingival margin of the upper central incisors to the upper lip margin. A display of 1–2 mm is generally considered aesthetically optimal; display exceeding 3–4 mm is commonly termed a 'gummy smile' (hypermentalis or vertical maxillary excess presentation). Orthodontists document gingival display in aesthetic assessments and treatment plans, particularly where intrusion mechanics, orthognathic surgery, or lip repositioning procedures are being considered. Editors should use the term without quotes unless deliberately citing patient colloquial speech.
Usage
Usage note: Use 'excessive gingival display' in formal clinical documents in preference to the colloquial 'gummy smile.' Always state the measurement in millimetres when available.
In Context
- "Gingival display of 5 mm was noted on full smile, and intrusion of the upper incisors was incorporated into the treatment objectives." — Initial assessment record
- "Replace the colloquial 'gummy smile' with 'excessive gingival display' in the clinical summary to maintain appropriate register." — Editorial note