sentinel lymph node biopsy
A diagnostic procedure to sample the first lymph node that receives drainage from a tumor, used in select soft tissue sarcomas.
Full Definition
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a staging procedure occasionally used in orthopedic oncology for certain soft tissue sarcomas that have a propensity for lymphatic spread. Unlike most soft tissue sarcomas which spread hematogenously, specific subtypes such as epithelioid sarcoma, angiosarcoma, and synovial sarcoma may metastasize via lymphatic routes. The procedure involves injection of radioactive tracer and/or blue dye near the tumor site, followed by identification and removal of the first draining lymph node(s) for histopathological examination. A positive sentinel lymph node indicates regional metastatic disease and significantly impacts staging and treatment planning. SLNB is not routinely performed for bone sarcomas, as these tumors rarely metastasize to lymph nodes.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphenate when used as a compound modifier; SLNB is standard abbreviation.
In Context
- "Sentinel lymph node biopsy was negative for metastatic epithelioid sarcoma cells." — Pathology report
- "The role of sentinel lymph node biopsy in soft tissue sarcomas remains controversial and histology-dependent." — Clinical review article