avascular necrosis
Pronunciation: ay-VAS-kyuh-ler nuh-KROH-sis
Death of bone tissue due to interrupted blood supply, leading to bone collapse and joint dysfunction.
Full Definition
A pathological condition where bone tissue dies due to inadequate blood supply, also known as osteonecrosis. The interruption in blood flow can result from trauma, corticosteroid use, alcohol abuse, or various medical conditions. Common sites include the femoral head, humeral head, and scaphoid bone. As the disease progresses, the affected bone may collapse, leading to joint deformity and arthritis. Early stages may be asymptomatic, but advanced cases typically require surgical intervention such as core decompression or joint replacement.
Usage
Usage note: Can be abbreviated as AVN in clinical notes. Distinguish from osteomyelitis (bone infection) and stress fractures.
In Context
- "MRI confirmed avascular necrosis of the femoral head with early collapse." — Diagnostic imaging
- "The patient developed avascular necrosis secondary to prolonged corticosteroid therapy." — Complication report