aortopulmonary collaterals
Abnormal vascular connections between the aorta and pulmonary circulation that develop in certain congenital heart conditions.
Full Definition
Aortopulmonary collaterals are abnormal blood vessels that form connections between the systemic (aortic) and pulmonary circulations. These vessels typically develop as a compensatory mechanism in patients with reduced pulmonary blood flow, such as those with pulmonary atresia or severe tetralogy of Fallot. While they may provide some blood flow to the lungs, they can also create volume overload of the systemic ventricle and may compete with surgically created shunts. Management often involves selective coil embolization or surgical ligation to optimize pulmonary blood flow distribution.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from MAPCAs (major aortopulmonary collateral arteries) which are larger, more structured vessels.
In Context
- "Cardiac catheterization revealed significant aortopulmonary collaterals contributing to volume overload." — Catheterization report
- "Coil embolization of aortopulmonary collaterals was performed to reduce competitive flow before staged palliation." — Interventional procedure note