coarctation of the aorta
Pronunciation: koh-ahrk-TAY-shun
A congenital narrowing of the aorta, typically near the ductus arteriosus, that obstructs blood flow to the body.
Full Definition
Coarctation of the aorta is a congenital heart defect characterized by narrowing of the aorta, most commonly occurring just distal to the left subclavian artery near the site of the ductus arteriosus. This narrowing creates an obstruction to systemic blood flow, leading to hypertension in the upper body and reduced blood flow to the lower body. The condition accounts for 6-8% of all congenital heart defects and may present in infancy with heart failure or later in childhood with hypertension. Treatment typically involves surgical repair or balloon angioplasty with stenting. Associated anomalies may include bicuspid aortic valve and mitral valve abnormalities.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as 'CoA' in clinical notes; ensure proper spelling of 'coarctation.'
In Context
- "The infant presented with coarctation of the aorta and required emergency balloon angioplasty." — Emergency department consultation
- "Long-term surveillance for recoarctation is essential following repair of coarctation of the aorta." — Clinical follow-up guideline