systemic-to-pulmonary shunt
Surgical connection between systemic and pulmonary circulations to increase pulmonary blood flow in cyanotic congenital heart disease.
Full Definition
A systemic-to-pulmonary shunt is a surgical palliation technique used to increase pulmonary blood flow in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease and reduced pulmonary circulation. These shunts create an artificial connection between the systemic arterial circulation and the pulmonary arteries, allowing oxygenated blood to flow to the lungs for additional oxygenation. Common types include the Blalock-Taussig shunt (classic or modified), central shunt, and Waterston shunt, though the modified Blalock-Taussig shunt using a synthetic conduit is most frequently employed today. The procedure is typically performed as initial palliation in neonates with complex cyanotic lesions, providing symptomatic relief while allowing growth toward definitive repair. Shunt sizing is critical to balance adequate pulmonary flow while preventing pulmonary overcirculation and heart failure.
Usage
Usage note: Specify shunt type, size, and location; distinguish from venous shunts like Glenn procedures.
In Context
- "A 3.5mm systemic-to-pulmonary shunt was placed to improve oxygenation." — Operative note
- "The patient outgrew the systemic-to-pulmonary shunt and requires bidirectional Glenn." — Catheterization report