extracorporeal life support
Mechanical cardiopulmonary support using external circulation devices. Umbrella term encompassing ECMO and related technologies in pediatric critical care.
Full Definition
Extracorporeal life support refers to mechanical support of cardiac and/or pulmonary function using devices that circulate and oxygenate blood outside the body. This technology includes extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as well as other forms of mechanical circulatory support. In pediatric critical care, ECLS is used for reversible cardiac or pulmonary failure when conventional therapy has failed. The system removes venous blood from the patient, oxygenates it through an artificial lung, removes carbon dioxide, and returns it to the circulation. ECLS can be configured for venovenous support (respiratory failure) or venoarterial support (cardiac failure).
Usage
Usage note: ECLS is the broader category that includes ECMO as a specific type.
In Context
- "The patient was placed on extracorporeal life support for refractory cardiogenic shock." — PICU admission note
- "ECLS program protocols require specialized training for all team members." — Hospital policy document