febrile seizure
Seizures occurring in children aged 6 months to 5 years during febrile episodes, classified as either simple or complex based on duration and characteristics.
Full Definition
Febrile seizures are the most common type of seizure in childhood, affecting 2-5% of children between 6 months and 5 years of age during episodes of fever. Simple febrile seizures are generalized, last less than 15 minutes, and do not recur within 24 hours. Complex febrile seizures are either focal, prolonged (>15 minutes), or recurrent within 24 hours. While frightening for families, simple febrile seizures are generally benign and do not increase the risk of epilepsy. However, complex febrile seizures may require further evaluation including neuroimaging or lumbar puncture to rule out underlying pathology such as meningitis or encephalitis.
Usage
Usage note: Always distinguish between simple and complex febrile seizures as management differs significantly.
In Context
- "The 18-month-old experienced a simple febrile seizure lasting 2 minutes during an episode of viral illness." — Emergency department record
- "Complex febrile seizures warrant investigation to exclude central nervous system infection." — Clinical guideline