supraglottitis
Pronunciation: soo-pruh-glot-TIE-tis
Inflammation of supraglottic structures including epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds. Potentially life-threatening airway emergency in pediatric patients.
Full Definition
Supraglottitis is an acute inflammatory condition affecting the supraglottic structures, including the epiglottis, false vocal cords, aryepiglottic folds, and arytenoid cartilages. This condition was historically known as epiglottitis when primarily caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b, but the term supraglottitis better reflects the broader anatomical involvement. Since widespread Hib vaccination, the condition is less common but still occurs due to other bacterial, viral, or non-infectious causes. Clinical presentation includes fever, sore throat, drooling, muffled voice, and inspiratory stridor. The condition constitutes a pediatric airway emergency requiring immediate otolaryngology consultation and potential emergent airway management.
Usage
Usage note: Preferred term over 'epiglottitis' as it reflects broader anatomical involvement.
In Context
- "The child presented with acute supraglottitis requiring emergent endotracheal intubation in the operating room." — Emergency department consultation
- "Lateral neck radiographs may show the classic 'thumbprint sign' in supraglottitis." — Pediatric radiology report