TORCH infections
Also written as: TORCH — Toxoplasmosis, Other, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex
A group of congenital infections including Toxoplasmosis, Other, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes simplex.
Full Definition
TORCH infections represent a constellation of congenital infections that can cause significant morbidity in newborns. The acronym stands for Toxoplasmosis, Other (including syphilis, varicella, and parvovirus B19), Rubella, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Herpes simplex virus (HSV). These infections can be acquired transplacentally, during delivery, or in the early postnatal period. Clinical manifestations may include intrauterine growth restriction, microcephaly, hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, and various neurological sequelae. Early recognition and appropriate antiviral or antimicrobial therapy can improve outcomes, though many infections result in long-term developmental disabilities.
Usage
Usage note: Spell out on first use, then use TORCH. 'Other' category has evolved to include additional pathogens.
In Context
- "TORCH screening was initiated due to clinical findings suggestive of congenital infection." — NICU laboratory requisition
- "The infant presented with classic signs of TORCH infections including microcephaly and hepatosplenomegaly." — Pediatric infectious disease consultation