ventriculoperitoneal shunt
Surgically placed device to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid from brain ventricles to the peritoneal cavity. Common intervention for pediatric hydrocephalus.
Full Definition
A ventriculoperitoneal shunt is a medical device consisting of a catheter system that diverts cerebrospinal fluid from the lateral ventricles of the brain to the peritoneal cavity, where it can be absorbed. The system includes a ventricular catheter, a valve mechanism to regulate flow and prevent backflow, and a distal catheter placed in the peritoneum. In pediatric patients, VP shunts are primarily used to treat hydrocephalus, which may be congenital or acquired following conditions such as intraventricular hemorrhage, meningitis, or brain tumors. Complications include shunt malfunction, infection, and overdrainage.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as VP shunt in clinical documentation.
In Context
- "The infant required VP shunt revision due to proximal catheter obstruction." — Neurosurgical consultation note
- "Post-operative care following VP shunt placement includes neurological monitoring and head circumference measurement." — Pediatric nursing protocol