neonatal lupus
Also written as: NLE — neonatal lupus erythematosus
An autoimmune condition in newborns caused by maternal antibodies crossing the placenta, typically presenting with characteristic skin lesions and potential cardiac complications.
Full Definition
Neonatal lupus is a passively acquired autoimmune syndrome resulting from transplacental transfer of maternal anti-Ro/SSA or anti-La/SSB antibodies. The condition most commonly presents with distinctive annular, erythematous skin lesions that may be photosensitive and typically appear on the face, scalp, and upper trunk. Unlike systemic lupus in adults, neonatal lupus skin lesions are usually transient and resolve by 6-8 months as maternal antibodies are cleared. However, the condition can also cause serious complications including congenital heart block, which is permanent. Early recognition is crucial for appropriate monitoring and management.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify 'neonatal' to distinguish from other forms of lupus; consider cardiac implications in documentation.
In Context
- "The annular facial rash prompted testing for neonatal lupus given the maternal history of Sjögren's syndrome." — Diagnostic workup
- "Cardiac evaluation was recommended despite the mild skin manifestations of neonatal lupus." — Consultation note