craniopharyngioma
Pronunciation: krey-nee-oh-far-in-jee-OH-mah
Benign brain tumor near the pituitary gland that can cause growth hormone deficiency and other endocrine problems in children.
Full Definition
Craniopharyngioma is a benign but locally aggressive tumor that arises near the pituitary gland and hypothalamus, typically in the suprasellar region. Although histologically benign, these tumors can cause significant morbidity due to their location and tendency to adhere to surrounding structures. In pediatric patients, craniopharyngiomas often present with growth failure due to growth hormone deficiency, delayed puberty, visual field defects, headaches, and sometimes diabetes insipidus. The tumor can compress the pituitary gland or hypothalamus, disrupting normal hormone production and regulation. Treatment typically involves surgical resection, often followed by radiation therapy. Long-term endocrine management is usually required, including growth hormone replacement, thyroid hormone replacement, and management of adrenal insufficiency and diabetes insipidus.
Usage
Usage note: Note complex spelling; often associated with multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies.
In Context
- "The patient's growth failure was attributed to a craniopharyngioma compressing the pituitary gland." — Neurosurgical consultation
- "Post-surgical management of craniopharyngioma requires comprehensive hormone replacement therapy." — Endocrine follow-up plan