virilization
Pronunciation: vir-uh-luh-ZAY-shuhn
Development of male secondary sexual characteristics in females due to excess androgen exposure.
Full Definition
The process by which female patients develop masculine physical traits as a result of elevated androgen levels from various pathological conditions. Clinical manifestations include deepening of voice, increased muscle mass, clitoral enlargement, male-pattern hair growth (hirsutism), temporal balding, and cessation of menstruation. Virilization can occur due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia, androgen-secreting tumors, or exogenous androgen exposure. The degree and reversibility of changes depend on the timing, duration, and severity of androgen excess. Early recognition is crucial as some changes, particularly voice deepening and clitoral enlargement, may be irreversible.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from hirsutism, which refers specifically to excess hair growth and is only one component of virilization.
In Context
- "Progressive virilization in this 8-year-old girl prompted immediate investigation for androgen-secreting pathology." — Case study
- "The degree of virilization correlates with both the duration and magnitude of androgen exposure." — Research paper