choledochal cyst
Pronunciation: koh-LED-oh-kal
A congenital dilation of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic biliary tree classified into five types based on location and morphology.
Full Definition
Choledochal cysts are rare congenital anomalies involving cystic dilation of the biliary tree, classified by the Todani system into five types based on anatomical location and configuration. Type I cysts, involving the common bile duct, are most common in Western populations, while Type IV cysts with both intra- and extrahepatic involvement are more frequent in Asian patients. Clinical presentation varies with age, ranging from the classic triad of jaundice, abdominal pain, and palpable mass in infants to more subtle symptoms in older children. Complications include cholangitis, pancreatitis, biliary cirrhosis, and malignant transformation.
Usage
Usage note: Todani classification system is the standard reference for typing these lesions.
In Context
- "MRCP demonstrated a Type I choledochal cyst with significant common bile duct dilation." — Radiology report
- "Excision of the choledochal cyst with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy was performed." — Operative report