proctocolectomy
Surgical removal of the entire colon and rectum, often performed for severe inflammatory bowel disease.
Full Definition
Proctocolectomy is a major surgical procedure involving the complete removal of the colon and rectum. In pediatric patients, this procedure is most commonly performed for severe ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease that has not responded to medical management. The surgery can be performed with or without creation of an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA), depending on the underlying condition and patient factors. When performed with IPAA, it allows for maintenance of continence and elimination through the natural route. Recovery is extensive, and patients require careful postoperative monitoring and long-term follow-up.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as 'procto' in informal clinical discussion.
In Context
- "The patient underwent proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for refractory ulcerative colitis." — Operative report
- "Long-term outcomes following proctocolectomy in pediatric patients show good functional results." — Research publication