pyloric stenosis
Pronunciation: py-LOR-ik steh-NOH-sis
Thickening of the pyloric muscle causing gastric outlet obstruction, typically presenting in infants with projectile vomiting.
Full Definition
Pyloric stenosis is a condition where the muscle surrounding the pylorus (the opening between the stomach and small intestine) becomes abnormally thick, creating a blockage that prevents food from leaving the stomach. Also known as hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, this condition typically affects infants between 2-8 weeks of age and is more common in males. The classic presentation includes non-bilious projectile vomiting, palpable abdominal mass (olive-shaped), and visible gastric waves. Diagnosis is confirmed by ultrasound, and treatment involves surgical pyloromyotomy to cut the thickened muscle fibers.
Usage
Usage note: May be abbreviated as HPS in clinical notes but should be spelled out in formal documentation.
In Context
- "The infant's projectile vomiting and palpable pyloric mass confirmed the diagnosis of pyloric stenosis requiring immediate pyloromyotomy." — Emergency department note