Intermediate
Technical
IVT
parvovirus B19
Pronunciation: PAR-voh-vi-rus B-nineteen
Viral infection that can cause transient aplastic crisis in children with underlying hemolytic disorders.
Full Definition
A single-stranded DNA virus that commonly causes erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) in healthy children but can lead to serious complications in patients with underlying hematologic conditions. In children with chronic hemolytic anemias such as sickle cell disease or spherocytosis, parvovirus B19 infection can cause transient aplastic crisis by temporarily suppressing red blood cell production. The virus specifically targets erythroid progenitor cells, leading to reticulocytopenia and worsening anemia.
Usage
Usage note: Specify B19 to distinguish from other parvovirus species.
In Context
- "Parvovirus B19 infection triggered a severe aplastic crisis in this child with sickle cell disease." — Emergency admission note
- "Serology confirmed acute parvovirus B19 infection as the cause of the patient's reticulocytopenia." — Infectious disease consultation
Also known as
fifth disease virus
erythema infectiosum virus
Don't confuse with
other parvoviruses
EBV
CMV