Pediatric Hematology Glossary

A life-threatening complication of sickle cell disease characterized by chest pain, fever, and new pulmonary infiltrates...

The most common form of childhood leukemia, characterized by overproduction of immature white blood cells.

Rapidly progressing cancer of myeloid cells in the bone marrow, less common than ALL in children but requiring intensive...

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The most common childhood cancer, characterized by malignant transformation of lymphoid pr...

Development of antibodies against foreign red blood cell antigens following transfusion or pregnancy.

Inherited hemoglobin disorder caused by deletions or mutations in alpha-globin genes, resulting in reduced alpha-chain p...

Rare blood disorder where bone marrow fails to produce adequate blood cells in children.

Progressive loss of splenic function due to repeated infarctions, commonly occurring in children with sickle cell diseas...

A group of genes on chromosome 11 that encode the beta-globin chains of hemoglobin. Mutations in this cluster cause beta...

A moderate form of beta-thalassemia with anemia that is less severe than thalassemia major but more significant than tha...

Immature blood cells that, when present in high numbers, may indicate leukemia in children.

Advanced stage of chronic myeloid leukemia characterized by ≥20% blasts in blood or bone marrow, indicating transformati...

Liquid sample of bone marrow obtained through needle aspiration, used for cytological analysis and flow cytometry in ped...

A serious complication in immunocompromised pediatric hematology patients with central venous catheters. Often abbreviat...

Treatment to remove excess iron from the body in children receiving frequent blood transfusions.

Long-term regular blood transfusions administered to prevent complications in patients with severe sickle cell disease o...

A rare inherited disorder characterized by ineffective red blood cell production with distinctive morphologic abnormalit...

A group of inherited disorders characterized by persistently low neutrophil counts, predisposing children to recurrent i...

Humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks P-selectin to reduce frequency of vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell disease...

A chemotherapy agent that is a cornerstone of acute leukemia treatment in children. Also known as ara-C.

Painful swelling of fingers or toes, commonly seen as an early manifestation of sickle cell disease in young children.

Synthetic vasopressin analog that increases factor VIII and von Willebrand factor levels for treating mild bleeding diso...

Rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by pure red blood cell aplasia presenting in early infancy.

Low molecular weight heparin used for anticoagulation in pediatric patients with thrombotic complications or central lin...