immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
Also written as: IRIS — immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
A paradoxical inflammatory response that occurs following immune system recovery in immunocompromised patients.
Full Definition
A complex clinical phenomenon characterized by excessive inflammatory responses to previously subclinical or treated infections following restoration of immune function. Most commonly described in HIV patients starting antiretroviral therapy, it also occurs in pediatric patients following bone marrow transplantation or other immunosuppressive treatments. The syndrome results from the recovering immune system's vigorous response to antigens from opportunistic pathogens or vaccines. Recognition of this syndrome is crucial for editors working with transplant and immunodeficiency literature, as it represents a distinct clinical entity requiring specific management approaches.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as IRIS; distinguish from other post-transplant inflammatory conditions.
In Context
- "The patient developed immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome three months post-transplant, requiring anti-inflammatory therapy." — Transplant follow-up report
- "Early recognition of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome prevented unnecessary antimicrobial escalation." — Clinical case discussion