TREC
Also written as: TREC — T-cell receptor excision circles
Circular DNA byproducts of T-cell receptor gene rearrangement, used as biomarkers for thymic function and T-cell production.
Full Definition
T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) are circular DNA molecules created as byproducts during T-cell receptor gene rearrangement in the thymus. These stable DNA circles are not replicated during cell division, making them excellent biomarkers for recent thymic emigrants and overall thymic function. TRECs are measured by quantitative PCR in newborn screening programs to detect severe combined immunodeficiency and other conditions with impaired T-cell production. Low or absent TREC levels indicate poor thymic output, which may result from thymic aplasia, severe combined immunodeficiency, or other conditions affecting T-cell development.
Usage
Usage note: Standard biomarker in newborn screening; levels inversely correlate with patient age in healthy individuals.
In Context
- "TREC levels were undetectable in the dried blood spot, indicating absent thymic function." — Laboratory report
- "Follow-up TREC quantification showed improved thymic output following successful bone marrow transplantation." — Post-transplant monitoring