aseptic meningitis
Meningeal inflammation with negative bacterial culture, most commonly caused by viral pathogens in children.
Full Definition
A clinical syndrome characterized by meningeal inflammation with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis but negative bacterial cultures, most frequently caused by enteroviruses in pediatric patients. The term 'aseptic' is historical, referring to the absence of bacterial growth rather than true sterility, as viral and other non-bacterial causes are identified in most cases. Aseptic meningitis typically has a more benign course than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including headache, fever, neck stiffness, and photophobia. Diagnosis requires lumbar puncture with CSF analysis showing lymphocytic pleocytosis, normal or mildly elevated protein, and normal glucose levels.
Usage
Usage note: While 'viral meningitis' is more specific when etiology is confirmed, 'aseptic meningitis' remains appropriate for culture-negative cases.
In Context
- "The CSF findings of lymphocytic pleocytosis with normal glucose supported a diagnosis of aseptic meningitis." — Emergency department note
- "Aseptic meningitis caused by enteroviruses typically occurs in summer and early fall months." — Epidemiological report