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Advanced Technical IVT

ophthalmia neonatorum

Pronunciation: off-THAL-mee-ah nee-oh-nah-TORE-um

Conjunctivitis occurring in newborns within the first month of life, requiring prompt evaluation for infectious causes.

Full Definition

Any conjunctival inflammation occurring in infants less than 28 days old, which can result from chemical irritation, bacterial infection, or viral causes. The most concerning etiologies include Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis acquired during birth passage, both of which can cause severe complications including corneal perforation and blindness. Chemical conjunctivitis from prophylactic eye drops is the most common cause but typically resolves spontaneously. Prompt recognition and appropriate treatment are essential as gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum represents a medical emergency requiring immediate systemic antibiotic therapy.

Usage

Usage note: Maintain Latin spelling; avoid anglicized versions like 'ophthalmia neonatarum'.

In Context

  • "Ophthalmia neonatorum presenting within 48 hours suggests chemical etiology, while later onset raises concern for infectious causes." — Neonatology clinical guideline
  • "All cases of ophthalmia neonatorum require Gram stain and culture to exclude Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection." — Pediatric ophthalmology protocol

Also known as

neonatal conjunctivitis newborn eye infection

Don't confuse with

chemical conjunctivitis blocked tear duct congenital glaucoma

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