fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Pronunciation: FEE-tal AL-kuh-hawl SPEK-truhm dis-OR-der
Also written as: FASD — fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Range of physical, behavioral, and cognitive impairments caused by prenatal alcohol exposure.
Full Definition
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) encompasses a range of conditions caused by prenatal alcohol exposure, including fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), partial FAS, alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND), and alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD). Children may present with characteristic facial features, growth restriction, and neurocognitive impairments including attention deficits, learning disabilities, and behavioral problems. Diagnosis requires careful assessment of growth parameters, dysmorphology examination, and neurodevelopmental evaluation. Early identification allows for appropriate interventions and support services.
Usage
Usage note: FASD is the umbrella term; specify FAS only when full criteria are met.
In Context
- "The child's learning difficulties and subtle facial features prompted evaluation for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder." — Developmental pediatrics assessment
- "Early intervention services are crucial for children diagnosed with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder." — Care coordination documentation