fluid overload
Excess fluid accumulation in the body due to impaired kidney function or excessive fluid intake. Particularly concerning in pediatric patients due to smaller blood volumes.
Full Definition
Fluid overload occurs when fluid intake exceeds the body's ability to eliminate excess water and sodium, commonly seen in acute and chronic kidney disease. In pediatric nephrology, fluid overload can rapidly lead to serious complications including hypertension, pulmonary edema, and heart failure due to children's smaller circulating volumes and higher metabolic rates. Management requires careful monitoring of fluid balance, restriction of intake, and often diuretic therapy or dialysis.
Usage
Usage note: Quantify when possible (percentage above dry weight); distinguish from localized edema.
In Context
- "The infant developed fluid overload requiring urgent initiation of peritoneal dialysis." — Emergency department consultation
- "Daily weights and fluid balance monitoring helped prevent fluid overload during hospitalization." — Nursing care plan